Growing online interference in elections -------------------------------------------- Online disinformation, propaganda and censorship were used to influence 26 of 30 national elections studied over the past year, according to a report by democracy watchdog Freedom House -------------------------------------------- ONLINE ELECTION INTERFERENCE BY DOMESTIC ACTORS (past year) United States Mexico Cuba Ukraine Georgia Kazakhstan Pakistan India Cambodia Philippines Colombia Brazil Nigeria Rwanda Malawi Hungary Italy Turkey Egypt South Africa Zimbabwe Bahrain Bangladesh Thailand Indonesia Australia -------------------------------------------- Information tactics Coordinated use of hyperpartisan commentators, bots, group admins or news sites to spread false or misleading content, often with state or political party backing -------------------------------------------- Technical tactics Intentional restrictions on connectivity; blocking of social media sites; and cyber-attacks from suspected domestic actors on political websites or social media accounts -------------------------------------------- Legal tactics Arrests of individuals for online political expression, as well as establishment of new laws and regulations that criminalise online speech -------------------------------------------- Without election interference (Armenia, Estonia, France, Germany) Sources: Freedom House, Reuters © GRAPHIC NEWS