How World War One reshaped the map of Europe EUROPE ON OUTBREAK OF WAR, 1914 BRITAIN BELG. GERMANY Poland FRANCE Finland AUSTRIA-HUNGARY ROMANIA BULGARIA SERBIA MONT. ITALY GREECE RUSSIA (To France) OTTOMAN EMPIR 500km 300 miles Central Powers Later joined Central Powers Allied Powers Later joined Allied Powers POSTWAR PEACE TREATIES Jun 1919: Treaty of Versailles officially ends war. German losses include Alsace-Lorraine and West Prussia. Saar coalfields given to France for 15 years. Germany forced to give up gains made when Russia exited war in 1918 Treaty of Brest-Litovsk – including Baltic States and Poland – and grant them independence Sep 1919: Treaty of Saint-Germain registers breakup of Austria-Hungary, recognising new states of Czechoslovakia, Poland, Hungary and Yugoslavia. Italy gains South Tyrol and Trieste Nov 1919: Treaty of Neuilly forces Bulgaria to cede land to Yugoslavia and Greece Jun 1920: Treaty of Trianon strips Hungary of two-thirds of its former territory. Land given to Czechoslovakia, Yugoslavia and Romania Aug 1920: Treaty of Sèvres carves up Ottoman Empire in Europe and Asia. Turkey regains some land in 1923 Treaty of Lausanne* Big Four: (Left to right) David Lloyd George of Britain, Vittorio Orlando of Italy, Georges Clemenceau of France, and U.S. President Woodrow Wilson. Victorious Allied leaders dominated decision-making at 1919 Paris Peace Conference, including drafting of treaties which redrew Europe’s boundaries Europe after World War One IRELAND 1922 BRITAIN BELG. NETH. DENMARK NORWAY SWEEDEN FINLAD 1917 ESTONIA 1918 LATVIA 1918 LITHUANIA 1918 SOVIET UNION 1922 CZECHOSLOVAKIA 1918 POLAND 1918 HUNGARY 1918 YUGOSLAVIA 1918 AUSTRIA GERMANY Rhineland Saar West Prussia LUX. Alsace-Lorraine FRANCE SWITZ. SPAIN ITALY South Tyrol Trieste Corsia Adriatic Sea Sardina Sicily Mediterranean Sea Algeria (FRA) Tunisia (FRA) ALB. BULGARIA GREECE Black Sea Straits Zone TURKEY Aegean Sea 500km 300 miles Territory lost by: Germany Russia Austria-Hungary Bulgaria Demilitarized areas 1918 Date of Independence *Areas ceded by Turkey in Asia not shown Sources: Encyclopedia Britannica, The New Cambridge Modern History Volume XIV: Atlas Pictures: Associated Press © GRAPHIC NEWS