OBR estimate of effect of Government decisions on borrowing Whitehall spending Infrastructure spending Welfare spending Gross tax cuts Gross tax rises Indirect effects £ billions 14 12 10 8 6 4 2 0 -2 -4 -6 -8 2017-18 2018-19 2019-20 2020-21 2021-22 2022-23 Total £0.7bn Total £2.7bn Total £9.2bn Total £3.6bn Total £1.5bn Total £-3.1bn Source: HM Treasury © GRAPHIC NEWS