Potential migrant routes to Europe

Refugees fleeing conflict and instability in the Middle East and Africa may seek other ways to safety, as the so-called Western Balkan route closes

300km 200 miles

FRANCE

Albania and Adriatic Sea

Alternative route over mountains,with sea crossing to Italy. Refugees would still have to traverse Austria to reach Germany

Schengen visa-free zone

EU but non-Schengen

Partial fences

Additional border controls

GERMANY

SWITZ.

SLOVENIA

CROATIA

ITALY

Sicily

MALTA

MEDITERRANEAN SEA

LIBYA

POLAND

CZECH REP.

AUSTRIA

SLOVAKIA

HUNGARY

Adriatic Sea

ALBANIA

MACEDONIA

GREECE

Black Sea-Ukraine Migrants could enter via Poland’s eastern border

UKRAINE

ROMANIA

SERBIA

BULGARIA

Black Sea

TURKEY

Western Balkan route

Central Mediterranean Migrants could be forced to make dangerous sea crossing to Italy –passage favoured in 2014-15 before opening of Western Balkan route

Sources: Financial Times, wire agencies