Canada faces tough pipeline options

U.S. president Barack Obama’s decision to reject the Keystone XL pipeline puts pressure on Justin Trudeau’s new Liberal government to rehabilitate Canada’s environmental record and find new routes to get oil from Alberta’s tar sands to foreign markets
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Existing Keystone pipeline 600,000 barrels per day
Proposed Keystone XL Rejected pipeline would have carried 830,000 bpd of oil from Alberta to Gulf of Mexico
Northern Gateway: Proposed pipeline ruled out by Trudeau on environmental grounds, would have carried 525,000 bpd to Pacific coast
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POSSIBLE ALTERNATIVES
Trans-Mountain: Nearly triple capacity of existing pipeline to bring 890,000 bpd to Vancouver
Energy East: Repurpose existing natural gas pipeline to carry 1.1 million bpd of Alberta crude across six provinces and 4,600km to port on Atlantic coast. Estimated cost: US$10.7 billion
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CANADA Kitimat Vancouver Edmonton Alberta oil sands: Vast crude bitumen reserves Hardisty Ottawa Quebec Saint John PACIFIC OCEAN Hudson Bay
UNITED STATES Steele City Patoka Cushing Houston Port Arthur Washington D.C. Gulf of Mexico ATLANTIC OCEAN MEXICO
500km 300 miles
Prime Minister Justin Trudeau
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Source: Trans
Picture: Associated Press

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