May 16, 2013. Copyright 2013, Graphic News. All rights reserved

Mount Everest conquered 60 years ago
By Liam Bolton

LONDON, May 16, Graphic News:  May 29, 2013 marks the 60th anniversary of the first ascent of Mount Everest by Edmund Hillary and Tenzing Norgay. With a peak elevation of 8,850 metres above sea level, it is the world's highest mountain. There had been 11 previous attempts on Everest before the British expedition, led by John Hunt, reached the summit in 1953.

The success of Hunt's party was attributed to the use of excellent oxygen apparatus and protective equipment. Special oxygen equipment of two kinds were employed - an open circuit system, by which a certain percentage of fresh air is absorbed as well as pure oxygen, and a closed circuit system in which the mountaineer receives 100 percent oxygen from the cylinder. Assault boots were designed with an emphasis on better insulation and reduced weight. The science behind survival in an extreme environment has improved significantly since then, with today's equipment ultralight and highly efficient. Ice axe handles, for example, are now made of lightweight metal instead of wood. Everest climbers in the 21st century often carry half the weight of Hillary's pack load.

With advancements in technology the world's highest peak has become a favourite destination for wealthy tourists. By 2010 more than 3,000 people had reached the summit, sometimes hundreds in a single day. Growing tensions between Sherpas and elite climbers led to a violent confrontation in April, shocking the mountaineering community.
/ENDS